Magus Tech Chapter 20: Electromagnetism in the Middle Ages

To create electricity, you need to understand electromagnetism. In the history of modern earth, on October 17, 1831, Faraday discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction for the first time, and then obtained the method of generating alternating current, which is regarded as an important achievement of electromagnetism.

The so-called electromagnetic induction phenomenon is that when a magnet passes through a closed circuit, a current will be generated in the circuit.

To take advantage of this phenomenon, keep the closed circuit stationary and keep turning the magnet. Let the closed circuit cut the magnetic induction line from the magnet in a static state, then a continuous current will be generated in the circuit, and the mechanical energy will be converted into electrical energy, thus becoming a simple generator. This is the knowledge in high school physics textbooks, not very advanced, but what is a little troublesome is the realization of basic materials and basic parts.

To keep this engine running continuously, it is impossible to rely on manpower, which is inefficient and error-prone. It can only rely on natural resources, either wind power or water power. Richard chose wind power, so he designed a power-generating windmill for craftsmen to make.

But craftsmen can only make some simple parts, such as complex rotors, energy storage devices, shafts, etc., all have to be done by themselves, which is very troublesome. Because of this, I don't want to do this unless I have to.

But now that it has been decided, it has no choice but to continue.

The first is the production of the rotor.

The main material of the rotor is magnets, NdFeB magnets, SmCo magnets, AlNiCo magnets, FeCrCo magnets are fine. But the current world is within the territory of the Blue Lion Kingdom, and there is no magnet of any kind at all, so they can only make it themselves. The type you choose to manufacture is the simplest and most common one - ferric oxide (Fe3O4) magnet.

To make ferroferric oxide magnets, it is necessary to obtain the material of ferroferric oxide.

To obtain this material, there are many methods, such as the hydrogen reduction method of α-iron oxide, the slow oxidation method of ferrous hydroxide, the Harber method, the addition method, the alkali addition method, etc., and the choice is one of them. plus legal. The two most critical reaction substrates for this method are elemental iron (iron filings, Fe) and iron oxide (rust powder, Fe2O3)...

……

Taking a deep breath, Li Cha washed his hands, put on a dust mask to prevent powder from entering his mouth and nose, and started to operate.

First, Richard put iron filings into sulfuric acid. Visible to the naked eye, as soon as it is put in, a large number of bubbles will immediately appear in the beaker, and the reaction will be violent. During this process, ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) will be generated.

After the reaction was completed, Li Cha began to add caustic soda (NaOH) and iron oxide (Fe2O3). Then it is heated to 95-105°C to allow the addition reaction to proceed in the solution to finally produce ferric oxide.

However, the ferric oxide was not pure at this time, Li Cha transferred the solution to a funnel with filter paper and began to filter. After filtering, the filtered solid matter was dried, and then a series of operations were carried out. Finally, after a lot of effort, pure ferric iron tetroxide was finally produced.

Then through magnetization, the ferroferric oxide becomes a real magnet, a piece of black paint. Repeat this step to make a sufficient number of magnets and fix them in the ring-shaped mold to complete the most important part of the generator - the rotor.

After finishing all this, Li Cha did not rest, and started to make energy storage equipment. After all, windmills can generate electricity, but the electricity needs to be stored before it can be used. This requires a real rechargeable battery, not a fruit battery, let alone a capacitor like a Leyden bottle.

What Richard is going to make is a lead battery, which is the cheapest and most common battery for electric vehicles on the modern earth.

The reason for choosing it is that on the one hand, the material is easy to collect, and on the other hand, because of the simple structure, there are only four parts: the positive plate group, the negative plate group, the electrolyte and the container.

In addition to sulfuric acid as the electrolyte, there is actually only one, or two, substances needed:

The first type, lead, is used to make the negative plate group.

The second type, the oxide of lead in the air, lead oxide, is used to make the positive plate group.

In the current medieval world, many things may be lacking, but lead alone is impossible. Because according to the development of the modern earth, in more than 2000 AD, humans began to extract a large amount of several metals such as iron, copper, silver and lead.

So, without much effort, Li Cha let people get enough lead and lead oxide.

Taking a deep breath, Li Cha's eyes became serious.

Both lead and lead oxide are toxic. Excessive inhalation and intake will cause heavy metal poisoning, ranging from physical discomfort to death.

In the era of ancient Rome on the modern earth, the ancient Romans did not know the dangers of lead. They used lead pipes as water pipes for a long time and used lead as containers for drinking, which led to chronic lead poisoning of a large number of people and became an important factor in the decline of ancient Rome. reason.

Li Cha knew this, and he didn't want to repeat the same mistakes, and he didn't want to be seriously ill before he became a wizard~IndoMTL.com~ So he did enough protection work before conducting the experiment.

Put on the dust mask first, then put on the bird's beak mask outside, put on a tight black protective suit covering the whole skin, and finally put on the gloves made of cow bladder.

After finishing the preparations, Li Cha took a deep breath, felt the air pass through the herbal sac in the bird's beak mask, and poured into the lungs, with a fixed gaze, he moved his hands.

The first is to pour enough sulfuric acid into the prepared container as the analysis solution. Then insert the gray velvet lead plate as the negative electrode into the container and fix it. Then put in the tan lead oxide plate as the positive electrode and fix it.

Between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, put a separator to prevent the contact of the electrodes. After that, this step is repeated continuously, inserting a lead plate and a lead oxide plate into the container continuously in the order, and finally the whole container is full.

The reason for doing this is to put multiple sets of positive and negative plates together to act as a series connection, thereby increasing the voltage of the lead-acid battery.

After finishing all this, Li Cha breathed a sigh of relief, knowing that the main work of the lead-acid battery has been completed, and the next step is to install the external wires and other trivial details.

Scattered until the evening, Li Cha finally finished everything.

With two soft "bang bang" sounds, he put the prepared lead-acid battery and rotor on the wooden frame, Li Cha turned around and took off his gloves, took off his beak mask, dust mask, and protective clothing. Only to find that the whole body is soaked.

After all, it was a hot summer, and even working for a whole afternoon in a relatively cool palace was extremely painful. He didn't notice it when he was working, but when he was done, Li Cha felt that the underwear was clinging to his skin, and his whole body was extremely sticky.

Frowning, Li Cha opened the door and walked out of the independent laboratory.