Magus Tech Chapter 11: The production of anesthetics

It is true that using drugs will have some effects on the body, but using drugs may be the most convenient and fastest way. Under normal circumstances, it is impossible to maintain a conscious state and let the body fall asleep, but it can be done with special drugs, such as anesthetics.

There are many types of anesthetics, such as solid type, gas type, and liquid type. What Richard is trying to produce now is a solid type of plant alkaloid anesthetic.

Generally speaking, the preparation of this type of anesthetic is very simple, because many plants contain this ingredient, such as Solanaceae, Fabaceae, Ranunculaceae, Poppyaceae, etc. in dicotyledonous plants. It only needs to add plant raw materials into the instrument, and after a series of chemical reactions to remove impurities, high-purity alkaloids can be obtained.

Li Cha thought and began to operate.

Complicated instruments are constantly functioning, distillation, condensation, filtration, extraction, precipitation, dissolution, crystallization...

"Pu Chi Pu Chi", a large amount of white steam came out, "Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa", the lid of the jar kept beating, "Tick Tock Tick", drops of yellow liquid dripped out of the horn tube, "Google Gumble", the beaker A lot of bubbles came out...

……

After a long time, the whole experimental process reached the final stage. As the temperature of the liquid in a beaker gradually dropped, pieces of crystals precipitated out, showing a kind of muddy yellow, and the inside seemed to be filled with some kind of dust.

Li Cha just glanced at it, and couldn't help shaking his head, knowing that this first attempt failed, and the reason was very simple - there were impurities.

There is nothing wrong with my own experimental process, which has taken into account the removal of various impurities, but the whole experiment lasts for more than 20 links, subject to the current world's production equipment, each link will produce a small error.

One or two errors are acceptable, but ten or twenty errors are fatal. The accumulation of quantitative changes will lead to qualitative changes, which will completely pollute the crystallization of the final product that should be pure, making it unusable.

Failed!

Li Cha shook his head again, but he didn't show any annoyed expression. Because after coming to this world for a full fifteen years, I have already understood what kind of world this is. No matter how angry I am, it is useless. No matter how strict the craftsman is, there will always be errors in the instruments produced.

If you want to solve this problem, you can only choose...a different path.

"Solid plant alkaloid anesthetics cannot be produced, so we can only see if gas anesthetics and liquid anesthetics can be produced." Li Cha said to himself, and found a blank one from the wooden shelf on one side. The papyrus scroll was spread out on a black walnut table, and he sat upright with a quill pen and began to write and draw, organizing his thoughts.

"Shushasha..."

Regarding the production of gas anesthetics, Li Cha has a record in mind, that is to produce the famous "laughing gas", namely nitrous oxide (N20).

This is a colorless gas with a sweet smell. Its narcotic effect was discovered in 1799 by the British chemist Humphrey Davy in the history of modern earth. Later, it was widely used in the field of dentistry, because it allows patients to maintain consciousness while losing pain sensation, and can respond to the oral cavity according to the dentist's instructions, which brings great convenience to the dentist.

Most importantly, this gas-type anesthetic has a simple structure and can be prepared with only one thermal decomposition reaction. To be precise, it is to heat ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), let the ammonium nitrate be decomposed into nitrous oxide (N2O) and water (H2O), and collect the nitrous oxide by drainage method.

Thinking of this, Li Cha wrote the three words "ammonium nitrate" in the center of the papyrus scroll, but he frowned for a moment, thinking that there should be no such thing as ammonium nitrate in the current world.

Because ammonium nitrate is not a natural substance, but a chemical product, it was not industrialized until the end of the 19th century. If you want to use industrial methods to obtain it, you need to use ammonium sulfate and Chilean saltpeter for metathesis reaction.

"Shushasha..." Soon, on the papyrus scroll, the words "ammonium sulfate" and "Chilean saltpeter" appeared next to "ammonium nitrate" in the middle.

Li Cha's gaze first fell on ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate is usually obtained by neutralizing it with ammonium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, then crystallizing, centrifuging and drying. Sulfuric acid has its own, but ammonium hydroxide does not, so it needs to be prepared by chemical methods...

Turning his head, Li Cha's eyes fell on Chilean saltpeter again. The main component of Chilean saltpeter is sodium nitrate (NaNO3), which can only be synthesized with metallic sodium and nitric acid on the basis of unavailable raw ore. Nitric acid is easy to talk about, but sodium is hard to find in this world. Table salt contains sodium, but electrolysis is needed to separate it out, which requires electricity...

"Shushasha..." Li Cha wrote more and more on the papyrus, and when he finally stopped, he had already written a full section. If you follow the operation written on the papyrus scroll, not to mention twenty links, even forty links are less.

The main reason for this situation is the limitation of the current world's technological level. Because there is no industrialization, many raw materials that should be easily obtained cannot be obtained, and only the most basic and common materials can be used to remove them. Synthesis, this will inevitably increase the workload and difficulty.

"Huh", let out a breath, and rubbed the center of his brows, Li Cha has decided to give up the second attempt for the time being, and make a decision after seeing the situation of the third attempt.

The third attempt is to prepare a liquid anesthetic, and Li Cha is more optimistic about ether (C4H10O).

Ether is the most familiar anesthetic for ordinary people. Even if you have never seen it in reality, you will often see such a scene in movies of all sizes: the villain uses a liquid-soaked handkerchief to slam Cover the victim's mouth and nose~IndoMTL.com~ The victim inhales nervously, **** the volatilized liquid into the body, and then the body becomes soft and passes out.

In the bridge section, the liquid in the handkerchief is ether, which is a colorless and transparent liquid that is extremely volatile and has an extremely fast anesthesia efficiency.

But it is not an easy task to prepare this ether. The industrial preparation method needs to use alumina as a catalyst. And aluminum oxide, or metal aluminum, is ten or a hundred times more scarce than gold and precious stones in the current world similar to the Middle Ages.

Although the content of aluminum in the earth's crust is second only to oxygen and silicon, ranking third, but due to the weak oxidation of aluminum compounds, it is not easy to be reduced from its compounds, so it has been difficult to separate metal aluminum. It was not until 1854 on the modern earth that the German chemist Deville used sodium instead of potassium to reduce aluminum chloride to produce pure aluminum ingots. For a long time afterwards, aluminum was a treasure only enjoyed by emperors and nobles because it was extremely difficult to obtain.

For example, the French emperor Napoleon III used aluminum forks at banquets; the Thai king used aluminum watch chains; exhibited with the crown jewels at the Paris Exposition in 1855, the label stated "Silver from clay" ; In 1889, the London Chemical Society gave Telev a vase and a cup made of aluminum alloy as a heavy gift...

In the current world, if you plan to extract alumina from scratch and use it as a catalyst for experimentation, it may be more difficult than an unarmed farmer killing a giant dragon, but...

"Is there no other way? Are you stuck in the first so-called life reshaping..." Li Cha said to himself, tapping the table lightly.

"Pa-ta, pa-ta, pa-ta...pa!" Suddenly Li Cha stopped his fingers, thought of something, and his eyes sharpened, "Wait a minute..."